Provide a way to access the elements of an
aggregate object sequentially without exposing its underlying representation
Participants
The
classes and/or objects participating in this pattern are:
- Iterator (Abstract Iterator)
Defines an
interface for accessing and traversing elements.
- Concrete Iterator(Iterator)
Implements
the Iterator interface.
Keeps track
of the current position in the traversal of the aggregate.
- Aggregate (Abstract Collection)
Defines an
interface for creating an Iterator object
- Concrete Aggregate (Collection)
Implements
the Iterator creation interface to return an instance of the proper
Concrete Iterator
Example for Iterator
using System;
using System.Collections;
namespace DoFactory.GangOfFour.Iterator.Structural
{
/// <summary>
/// MainApp
startup class for Structural
/// Iterator
Design Pattern.
/// </summary>
class MainApp
{
/// <summary>
/// Entry
point into console application.
/// </summary>
static void Main()
{
ConcreteAggregate a = new ConcreteAggregate();
a[0] = "Item A";
a[1] = "Item B";
a[2] = "Item C";
a[3] = "Item D";
// Create Iterator and provide aggregate
ConcreteIterator i = new ConcreteIterator(a);
Console.WriteLine("Iterating over collection:");
object item = i.First();
while (item != null)
{
Console.WriteLine(item);
item = i.Next();
}
// Wait for user
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// The
'Aggregate' abstract class
/// </summary>
abstract class Aggregate
{
public abstract Iterator CreateIterator();
}
/// <summary>
/// The
'ConcreteAggregate' class
/// </summary>
class ConcreteAggregate : Aggregate
{
private ArrayList _items
= new ArrayList();
public override Iterator CreateIterator()
{
return new ConcreteIterator(this);
}
//
Gets item count
public int Count
{
get { return _items.Count; }
}
//
Indexer
public object this[int index]
{
get { return _items[index]; }
set { _items.Insert(index, value); }
}
}
/// <summary>
/// The
'Iterator' abstract class
/// </summary>
abstract class Iterator
{
public abstract object First();
public abstract object Next();
public abstract bool IsDone();
public abstract object CurrentItem();
}
/// <summary>
/// The
'ConcreteIterator' class
/// </summary>
class ConcreteIterator : Iterator
{
private ConcreteAggregate _aggregate;
private int _current
= 0;
//
Constructor
public ConcreteIterator(ConcreteAggregate aggregate)
{
this._aggregate = aggregate;
}
//
Gets first iteration item
public override object First()
{
return _aggregate[0];
}
//
Gets next iteration item
public override object Next()
{
object ret = null;
if (_current < _aggregate.Count - 1)
{
ret = _aggregate[++_current];
}
return ret;
}
//
Gets current iteration item
public override object CurrentItem()
{
return _aggregate[_current];
}
//
Gets whether iterations are complete
public override bool IsDone()
{
return _current >= _aggregate.Count;
}
}
}
|
Output:
Iterating over collection:
Item A Item B Item C Item D |
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